العلاقة بین الشکل والخلفیة المعبر عنها کنموذج وشکل مضاد للطباعة فی الإعلانات المطبوعة

1. Bruce Wilson design (2012): "Counter Form"

Online:

https://brucewilsongraphics.wordpress.com/counter-form/20-8-2019

1. https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/29765/in-typography-what-is-an-open-counter 10-7-2019
2. Jevon Swan (2011) : Binary Opposition Theory - Media Studies - 

On line:

https://prezi.com/1m-cn2bvetra/binary-opposition-theory-media-studies/20-8-2019

1. Julianna Kunstler :Typography sequential typographic forms in space

On line: https://juliannakunstler.com/acgr_typography2.html - 22-8-2019

1. Rob Carter,Philip B. Meggs, Ben Day,Sandra Maxa and Mark Sanders (2015) : "Typographic Design Form and communication"- 6th EDITION John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

On line : http://vietchigo.myds.me/library/book/Design/Typography/Typo_graphic_de_sign_Form_n_Communication_6ed_by_Rob_Carter.pdf- 25-8-2019

1. Sirkkaliisa Usvamaa-Routila(2016):Form and Counterform in Graphic Design- A phenomenological Approach –university of Jyvaskyla, Finland

http://www.ipjp.org/images/e-books/OPO%20Essay%2047%20-%20Form%20and%20Counterform%20in%20Graphic%20Design%20-%20A%20Phenomenological%20Approach%20-%20By%20Sirkkaliisa%20Usvamaa-Routila.pdf – 27-8-2019

1. The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (3 ed.) (2008) - Chris Baldick  - The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms (3 ed.) – 

On line: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199208272.001.0001/acref-9780199208272-e-130- 25-8-2019

1. Tova Rabinowitz Deer (2015): Exploring Typography- the United States of America - second edition.

 On line : https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=xjRBBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48&lpg=PA48&dq=counterform+in+arabic+typography&source=bl&ots=JmHdwEaoSH&sig=1TEQ6cLppXUyUIBJO3Kw3ndW5w&hl=ar&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiHqP7G87jdAhVmwosKHcWMC5E4ChDoATADegQIBxAB#v=onepage&q=counterform%20in%20arabic%20typography&f=false - 8-10-2019

1. Typography basics (2014): Anatomy of letterforms -Adobe Print Publishing Technical Guides – 15-10-2019

On line: https://www.infor.uva.es/~descuder/docencia/IG/letterform_anatomy.pdf