1- Abdel Wahab Abu Zaid (1984): Spatial formations in modern sculpture and the extent of their benefit in art education,Egypt
2- Basant Mustafa Amin Mabrouk (2015): Using interactive advertising for social marketing purposes, unpublished Master’s degree, Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Egypt.
3- Collier (1998 ): “Form Space and Vision”, Abbeville Press, New York.
4- Farhat, Asaad Saeed (2004): “The philosophical and aesthetic dimensions of drafting spatial works in modern sculpture and benefiting from them in teaching three-dimensional composition,” unpublished doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Art Education, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
5- Herbert Read (1981): Art Today, An Introduction to the Theory of Contemporary Painting and Sculpture, translated by Muhammad Fathi, Dar Al-Maaref , Egypt .
6- Hisham Fawzi Ahmed, a research paper entitled The relationship between the singular and the empty space in Islamic decoration and benefiting from it in making decorative paintings. Graham
7- Laddidi, Abdel Fattah (1991): Aesthetics, Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, Egypt.
8- Mohsen Muhammad Attia(1997): The Art of Art - Styles - Techniques - Doctrines, Dar Al-Maaref, 2nd edition, Cairo , Egyp t.
9- Riyad, Abdel Fattah (1994): Training in the Plastic Arts, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, Egypt.
http://www.uobabylon.edu.iq/uobColeges/lecture.aspx?fid=13&depid=2&lcid=60895
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